The world in 2016 economist pdf download

This site uses cookies to deliver website functionality and analytics. If you would like to know more about the types of cookies we serve and how to change your cookie settings, please read our Cookie Notice. By clicking the "I accept" button, you consent to the use of these cookies. This report discusses the key findings from the Energy Transition Index This 10th-anniversary report is the opportunity to reflect and ask the question As the impact of the Drawing from workshops and interviews with more than thought leaders from a variety of different fields, this report aims to start a discussion about wha This white paper series, composed of eight parts, explores numerous critical topics related to CBDC and stablecoins.

However, difficult goals of eliminating poverty, achieving equity and overcoming environmental threats continue. This much-needed and insightful textbook has been written to help us understand this. The World in Conflict. In the second decade of each century, a new global order commonly starts to assert itself. In the 19th, Napoleon's defeat gave birth to the world of rivalrous European powers.

In the 20th, the First World War triggered a wave of revolutions that cleared a path for the American era. Maritime Security Challenges in the South Atlantic. This edited volume focuses on the South Atlantic regional and national issues with maritime implications: naval policy, security, transnational organized crime, and Europe's legacy and current influence.

Exam Board: SQA Level: National 5 Subject: Modern Studies First Teaching: September First Exam: Summer This second edition comprehensively covers the changes made to the course content and prepares students to cope with the increased emphasis on knowledge and understanding in the new National 5 exam. Drug Use. Opioids, cocaine, cannabis and illicit drugs. Humanity has already eradicated one severe disease.

Eradication of Diseases. One-third are children under five years old. Diarrheal diseases. In the past smallpox killed millions every year. One generation ago polio paralyzed hundreds of thousands of children every year. One-third are children younger than five years old.

Half are children under the age of five. Health institutions and interventions Healthcare funding is essential for good health.

Financing Healthcare. Food and Agriculture Most of the world's farmers are smallholders, with less than two hectares of land. Farm Size. Hunger and Undernourishment. Around million people died in famines during the last years. This estimate is based on our historical reconstructions. There are large inequalities in food supply across countries. Food Supply. Human height gives us an indicator of changes in health and nutrition in the past.

Human Height. An estimated 2 billion people are deficient in essential micronutrients. Micronutrient Deficiency. A diverse diet is essential for good nutrition. There are large inequalities in dietary diversity between countries. Diet Compositions. Food prices are important for both consumers and farmers. Food Prices. Food Production The world produces more than enough food for everyone.

But it's unequally distributed across the world. Agricultural Production. Environmental impacts of food production. Global average cereal yield is 4 tonnes per hectare. But in many regions yields are much lower. Crop Yields. Meat and Dairy Production. Seafood Production. Employment in Agriculture. Land Use. The world produces more than million tonnes of fertilizer each year.

Pesticides are often used to protect crop yields. There are large differences in its use across the world. Energy and Environment Global trends in biodiversity are mixed, but overall it's in steep decline. Transport is an important measure of technological progress. Average global temperature has increased by 1. Climate Change.

Access to Energy. Global energy production has grown 2. Renewable Energy. Deaths per TWh range from 2. Fossil Fuels. Plastic Pollution. Oil spills can have a large negative impact on the environment. Oil Spills. But it will take decades for the ozone layer to recover. Ozone Layer. Water One-quarter of the world do not have access to safe drinking water. Clean Water and Sanitation. Clean Water.

Water Use and Stress. Forests and Deforestation. Over the last decade the annual number of deaths due to natural disasters was 45, globally.

Natural Disasters. Innovation and Technological Change Transport is an important measure of technological progress. Technological progress has been key a key driver of improved living standards. Technological Progress. Technology adoption has been a key driver of improved living conditions. Technology Adoption. Poverty and Economic Development Public Sector Government spending has increased significantly, but with large differences across the world. Government Spending.

Annual military spending amounts to 2. Military Spending. Healthcare funding is essential for good health. Funding for education is growing across the world, but large gaps still exist.

Financing Education. Poverty and Prosperity The world has become much more prosperous, but in some countries incomes remain very low. Economic Growth. Global Extreme Poverty. Economic Inequality Many countries have high levels of income inequality. Income Inequality. In most countries the gender pay gap has reduced, but inequalities are still large and common. Economic inequality by gender. Global inequality has fallen but living conditions are still vastly unequal across the world.

Global Economic Inequality. Child Labor. Many people have to work long hours with for very low incomes. Working Hours. Corruption Corruption is a common problem in many countries and sectors. Living conditions, Community and Wellbeing Time is the ultimate limited resource.

Time Use. The institution of marriage is changing quickly. Marriages and Divorces. Loneliness is common across the world. Loneliness and Social Connections. Life satisfaction and happiness vary widely both within and among countries. Happiness and Life Satisfaction.

Tourism is an important source of income and employment for many countries. Culture Misconceptions about past development means many are pessimistic about future progress. Optimism and Pessimism. Trust levels can vary a lot between countries and groups of society.

Housing One-quarter of the world do not have access to safe drinking water. Homelessness is a problem in countries around the world. Light at Night. Violence against children in various forms has fallen, but still occurs today. Corruption is a common problem in many countries and sectors.

Human Rights violations are still common in many countries. Human Rights. Violence and War War and Peace Over the last decade the annual number of battle-related deaths was 55, globally. War and Peace. Over the last decade the annual number of deaths due to terrorism was 22, globally. Nuclear Weapons. Peacekeeping operations are used in conflict prevention, but are not always successful.

Targeted killing of specific societal groups have killed millions. Violence Violence against children in various forms has fallen, but still occurs today. Globally around , people die from homicide each year. Violence was very common in many historical societies. Ethnographic and Archaeological Evidence on Violent Deaths. Education and Knowledge Global education has improved over recent decades, but much more progress is possible.